Mitundu ya buluu yomwe imaloledwa kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya m'dziko langa ndi gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin ndi indigo. Mitundu ya buluu ya Gardenia imapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso za Rubiaceae gardenia. Mitundu ya phycocyanin nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa ndikukonzedwa kuchokera ku zomera za algal monga spirulina, algae wobiriwira wabuluu, ndi nostoc. Indigo ya chomera imapangidwa poyatsa masamba a zomera zomwe zili ndi indole monga indigo indigo, woad indigo, wood indigo, ndi horse indigo. Anthocyanin nawonso ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino muzakudya, ndipo anthocyanin ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mitundu yabuluu muzakudya pansi pa mikhalidwe ina. Anzanga ambiri amakonda kusokoneza buluu wa blueberry ndi buluu wa phycocyanin. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi.
Phycocyanin ndi chotsitsa cha spirulina, chinthu chogwira ntchito bwino, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe mu zakudya, zodzoladzola, zinthu zachipatala, ndi zina zotero.
Ku Ulaya, phycocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chopaka utoto ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda malire. M'mayiko monga China, United States, Japan, ndi Mexico, phycocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la mtundu wabuluu m'zakudya ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chopaka utoto m'zakudya zowonjezera zakudya ndi mankhwala mu kuchuluka kuyambira 0.4g-40g/kg, kutengera kuzama kwa mtundu wofunikira pa chakudya.
Mabulosi abulu
Blueberry ndi chakudya chomwe chimatha kuwonetsa buluu mwachindunji. Pali zakudya zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa buluu m'chilengedwe. Imadziwikanso kuti lingonberry. Ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yaying'ono ya mitengo ya zipatso. Imachokera ku America. Chimodzi mwa zakudya zabuluu. Zinthu zake zamtundu wabuluu makamaka ndi anthocyanins. Anthocyanins, omwe amadziwikanso kuti anthocyanins, ndi gulu la utoto wachilengedwe wosungunuka m'madzi womwe umapezeka kwambiri m'zomera. Ndi a flavonoids ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a glycosides, omwe amadziwikanso kuti anthocyanins. Ndiwo zinthu zazikulu zamitundu yowala ya maluwa ndi zipatso. Maziko.
Magwero a phycocyanin abuluu ndi abuluu ndi osiyana
Phycocyanin imachokera ku spirulina ndipo ndi puloteni yabuluu yokhala ndi utoto. Mabulosi abuluu amapeza mtundu wawo wabuluu kuchokera ku anthocyanins, zomwe ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi flavonoid, utoto wosungunuka m'madzi. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti phycocyanin ndi buluu, ndipo mabulosi abuluu nawonso ndi abuluu, ndipo nthawi zambiri sangadziwe ngati chakudyacho chimawonjezeredwa ndi phycocyanin kapena mabulosi abuluu. Ndipotu, madzi abuluu ndi ofiirira, ndipo mtundu wabuluu wa mabulosi abuluu umachokera ku anthocyanins. Chifukwa chake, kufananiza pakati pa awiriwa ndi kufananiza pakati pa phycocyanin ndi anthocyanin.
Phycocyanin ndi anthocyanin zimasiyana mu mtundu ndi kukhazikika
Phycocyanin ndi yokhazikika kwambiri mukakhala yamadzimadzi kapena yolimba, imakhala yabuluu wowoneka bwino, ndipo kukhazikikako kudzachepa bwino kutentha kukapitirira 60°C, mtundu wa yankho udzasintha kuchoka pa buluu-wobiriwira kupita pa chikasu-wobiriwira, ndipo udzazimiririka ndi alkali wamphamvu.
Ufa wa Anthocyanin umakhala wofiira kwambiri mpaka wofiira wopepuka.
Anthocyanin ndi yosakhazikika kuposa phycocyanin, imasonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana pa pH yosiyana, ndipo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi asidi ndi alkali. Pamene pH ili yochepera 2, anthocyanin imakhala yofiira kwambiri, pamene ili yopanda mbali, anthocyanin imakhala yofiirira, pamene ili ya alkaline, anthocyanin imakhala yabuluu, ndipo pamene pH ili yoposa 11, anthocyanin imakhala yobiriwira yakuda. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri chakumwa chomwe chimawonjezeredwa ndi anthocyanin chimakhala chofiirira, ndipo chimakhala chabuluu pansi pa alkaline yofooka. Zakumwa zomwe zili ndi phycocyanin yowonjezera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabuluu.
Mabuloberi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe wa chakudya. Malinga ndi bungwe la American Health Foundation, anthu oyambirira okhala ku America ankaphika mkaka ndi mabuloberi kuti apange utoto wa imvi. Kuyesa kwa utoto wa mabuloberi a buluu ku National Dyeing Museum kukuwonetsa kuti utoto wa mabuloberi si wabuluu.
Phycocyanin ndi utoto wabuluu womwe umaloledwa kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya
Zinthu zopangira utoto wachilengedwe zimachokera ku magwero osiyanasiyana (kuchokera ku nyama, zomera, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mchere, ndi zina zotero) ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana (mitundu pafupifupi 600 yalembedwa kuyambira mu 2004), koma utoto wachilengedwe wopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthuzi ndi wofiira ndi wachikasu makamaka. Makamaka, utoto wabuluu ndi wosowa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri umatchulidwa m'mabuku ndi mawu monga "wamtengo wapatali", "ochepa kwambiri", ndi "osowa". Mu GB2760-2011 ya dziko langa "Miyezo Yaukhondo Yogwiritsira Ntchito Zowonjezera Zakudya", utoto wabuluu wokhawo womwe ungawonjezedwe ku chakudya ndi gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin, ndi indigo. Ndipo mu 2021, "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive Spirulina" (GB30616-2020) idzakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo.
Phycocyanin ndi yowala kwambiri
Phycocyanin ndi yowala ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chothandizira pa kafukufuku wa photodynamic mu biology ndi cytology. Anthocyanin si yowala.
Chidule
1. Phycocyanin ndi utoto wa puloteni womwe umapezeka mu algae wobiriwira ndi buluu, pomwe anthocyanin ndi utoto womwe umapezeka mu zomera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawapatsa mtundu wabuluu, wofiira, kapena wofiirira.
2. Phycocyanin ili ndi kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mamolekyu osiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi anthocyanin.
3. Phycocyanin yawonetsa maubwino osiyanasiyana pa thanzi, kuphatikizapo antioxidant ndi anti-inflammatory effects, pomwe anthocyanin yawonetsedwanso kuti ili ndi antioxidant ndi anti-inflammatory effects, komanso maubwino omwe angakhalepo pa thanzi la mtima.
4. Phycocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zodzikongoletsera, pomwe anthocyanin nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe wa chakudya kapena zowonjezera.
5. Phycocyanin ili ndi muyezo wadziko lonse woteteza chakudya, pomwe anthocyanin ilibe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-26-2023
