Mitundu ya buluu yomwe imaloledwa kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya m'dziko langa ndi gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin ndi indigo.Gardenia blue pigment amapangidwa kuchokera ku chipatso cha Rubiaceae gardenia.Phycocyanin pigments nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa kuchokera ku zomera za algal monga spirulina, blue-green algae, ndi nostoc.Chomera cha indigo chimapangidwa ndi kupesa masamba a zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi indole monga indigo indigo, woad indigo, indigo yamatabwa, ndi indigo ya akavalo.Anthocyanins ndiwonso ma inki wamba m'zakudya, ndipo ma anthocyanins ena amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wa buluu muzakudya nthawi zina.Anzanga ambiri amakonda kusokoneza buluu wa blueberries ndi buluu wa phycocyanin.Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane kusiyana kwa zinthu ziwirizi.
Phycocyanin ndi Tingafinye wa spirulina, zopangira ntchito, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pigment zachilengedwe mu chakudya, zodzoladzola, mankhwala mankhwala, etc.
Ku Ulaya, phycocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chamtundu wamtundu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda malire.M’maiko monga China, United States, Japan, ndi Mexico, phycocyanin amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga magwero a mtundu wa buluu pazakudya ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kupaka utoto muzowonjezera zopatsa thanzi komanso mankhwala ochulukirapo kuchokera ku 0.4g-40g/kg, malingana ndi kuya kwa mtundu wofunikira pazakudya.
Mabulosi abulu
Blueberry ndi chakudya chomwe chimatha kuwonetsa buluu mwachindunji.Pali zakudya zochepa zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa buluu m'chilengedwe.Amadziwikanso kuti lingonberry.Ndi imodzi mwamitengo yaing'ono yazipatso.Amachokera ku America.Chimodzi mwa zakudya za buluu.Zinthu zake zamtundu wabuluu nthawi zambiri zimakhala anthocyanins.Anthocyanins, omwe amadziwikanso kuti anthocyanins, ndi gulu lamitundu yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imapezeka kwambiri muzomera.Iwo ndi a flavonoids ndipo makamaka amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a glycosides, omwe amadziwikanso kuti anthocyanins.Ndiwo zinthu zazikulu za mitundu yowala ya maluwa ndi zipatso.Base.
Magwero a buluu ndi buluu a phycocyanin ndi osiyana
Phycocyanin imachokera ku spirulina ndipo ndi mapuloteni amtundu wa buluu.Ma Blueberries amapeza mtundu wawo wa buluu kuchokera ku anthocyanins, omwe ndi mankhwala a flavonoid, ma pigments osungunuka m'madzi.Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti phycocyanin ndi buluu, komanso mabulosi abuluu ndi a buluu, ndipo nthawi zambiri sangadziwe ngati chakudyacho chawonjezeredwa ndi phycocyanin kapena blueberries.Ndipotu, madzi a buluu ndi ofiirira, ndipo mtundu wa blueberries umachokera ku anthocyanins.Choncho, kufananiza pakati pa awiriwa ndikufanizira pakati pa phycocyanin ndi anthocyanin.
Phycocyanin ndi anthocyanins amasiyana mtundu ndi kukhazikika
Phycocyanin imakhala yokhazikika kwambiri mumadzi kapena olimba, imakhala yabuluu, ndipo kukhazikika kumachepa mwachiwonekere pamene kutentha kumapitirira 60 ° C, mtundu wa yankho udzasintha kuchokera ku buluu-wobiriwira kupita ku chikasu-wobiriwira, ndipo udzazimiririka ndi alkali wamphamvu.
Anthocyanin ufa ndi wofiyira kwambiri mpaka wofiirira.
Anthocyanin ndi yosakhazikika kuposa phycocyanin, kusonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana pa pH yosiyana, ndipo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi asidi ndi alkali.Pamene pH ili pansi pa 2, anthocyanin imakhala yofiira kwambiri, ikakhala yopanda ndale, anthocyanin imakhala yofiirira, ikakhala yamchere, anthocyanin imakhala ya buluu, ndipo pH ikapitirira 11, anthocyanin imakhala yobiriwira.Chifukwa chake, chakumwa chophatikizidwa ndi anthocyanin chimakhala chofiirira, ndipo chimakhala cha buluu pansi pamikhalidwe yofooka yamchere.Zakumwa zokhala ndi phycocyanin nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamtundu wa buluu.
Ma Blueberries atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wazakudya zachilengedwe.Malingana ndi American Health Foundation, anthu oyambirira a ku America ankaphika mkaka ndi mabulosi abuluu kuti apange utoto wotuwa.Zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera ku kuyesera kwa mabulosi abuluu ku National Dyeing Museum kuti utoto wa mabulosi abuluu si buluu.
Phycocyanin ndi mtundu wa buluu womwe umaloledwa kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya
Zopangira zamitundu yachilengedwe zimachokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana (zochokera ku nyama, zomera, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mchere, ndi zina zotero) ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana (pafupifupi mitundu ya 600 yalembedwa mu 2004), koma mitundu yachilengedwe yopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthuzi ndi makamaka ofiira ndi achikasu.Makamaka, mitundu ya buluu imakhala yochepa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatchulidwa m'mabuku ndi mawu monga "wamtengo wapatali", "ochepa kwambiri", ndi "osowa".M'dziko langa la GB2760-2011 "Miyezo Yaukhondo Yogwiritsira Ntchito Zowonjezera Zakudya", mitundu yokhayo ya buluu yomwe ingathe kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya ndi gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin, ndi indigo.Ndipo mu 2021, "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive Spirulina" (GB30616-2020) idzakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo.
Phycocyanin ndi fulorosenti
Phycocyanin ndi fulorosenti ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati reagent pa kafukufuku wa photodynamic mu biology ndi cytology.Anthocyanins si fulorosenti.
Fotokozerani mwachidule
1.Phycocyanin ndi protein pigment yomwe imapezeka mu algae wobiriwira wobiriwira, pomwe anthocyanin ndi mtundu womwe umapezeka muzomera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapatsa mtundu wa buluu, wofiira, kapena wofiirira.
2.Phycocyanin ili ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a maselo ndi zolemba poyerekeza ndi anthocyanin.
3.Phycocyanin yawonetsa ubwino wosiyanasiyana wa thanzi, kuphatikizapo antioxidant ndi anti-inflammatory effects, pamene anthocyanin yasonyezedwanso kuti ili ndi antioxidant ndi anti-inflammatory properties, komanso phindu la thanzi la mtima.
4.Phycocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zosiyanasiyana ndi zodzikongoletsera, pomwe anthocyanin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe wazakudya kapena zowonjezera.
5. Phycocyanin ili ndi muyezo wa chitetezo cha chakudya cha dziko, pamene anthocyanin alibe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-26-2023
