Kodi Anthocyanin ndi chiyani?

Mtundu wa Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins ali m'gulu la mankhwala otchedwa flavonoids, omwe ndi mtundu wa polyphenol. Ndi utoto wosungunuka m'madzi womwe umapezeka mu vacuoles ya maselo a zomera. Mtundu wa anthocyanins umasiyana malinga ndi pH ya chilengedwe, ndi mitundu yofiira yomwe imawonekera m'malo okhala ndi acidity ndi mitundu yabuluu m'malo okhala ndi alkaline. Khalidwe lapaderali limapangitsa anthocyanins kukhala ofunika ngati zizindikiro za pH zachilengedwe.
Anthocyanins amapangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake kotchedwa anthocyanidin, komwe kamalumikizidwa ku molekyulu imodzi kapena zingapo za shuga. Anthocyanidin yodziwika bwino ndi cyanidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin, ndi malvidin. Anthocyanidin awa amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso m'magwero osiyanasiyana a zomera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Magwero a Anthocyanins
Ma anthocyanins amapezeka kwambiri m'chilengedwe ndipo amapezeka mu zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa. Zina mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka mu anthocyanins ndi monga zipatso monga mabulosi abuluu, mabulosi akuda, ma raspberries, ndi sitiroberi. Zipatso zina monga ma cherries, mphesa, ndi ma plums zimakhalanso ndi ma anthocyanins ambiri. Kuwonjezera pa zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba monga kabichi wofiira, anyezi ofiira, ndi ma biringanya ndi magwero abwino a utoto uwu.
Mtundu wa maluwa, makamaka mu mithunzi yofiira, yofiirira, ndi yabuluu, nthawi zambiri umachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa anthocyanins. Zitsanzo za maluwa okhala ndi anthocyanins ambiri ndi maluwa a duwa, pansies, ndi petunias. Kusiyanasiyana kwa zomera zomwe zili ndi anthocyanins kumapereka mwayi wokwanira wophatikiza mankhwala awa muzakudya za anthu.

Ubwino wa Anthocyanins pa Thanzi
Anthocyanins akhala akufufuzidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha ubwino wawo pa thanzi. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu zamphamvu zoteteza ma antioxidants, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza maselo ku kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma free radicals. Kupsinjika kwa okosijeni kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana osatha, kuphatikizapo khansa, matenda a mtima, ndi matenda a mitsempha. Mwa kuchepetsa ma free radicals, anthocyanins amathandizira kupewa matenda awa.
Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu zawo zoletsa kutupa, anthocyanins awonetsedwa kuti ali ndi mphamvu zoletsa kutupa. Kutupa kosatha ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri, ndipo kuthekera kwa anthocyanins kuchepetsa kutupa kungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi lonse. Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kuti anthocyanins angathandize thanzi la mtima mwa kukonza ntchito ya mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthocyanins akhala akugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a ubongo komanso thanzi la ubongo. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwala awa angathandize kuteteza ku kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha ukalamba komanso matenda owononga ubongo monga Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson's. Zotsatira zomwe anthocyanins angateteze ku ubongo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale malo ophunzirira osangalatsa popewa ndikuwongolera matenda amitsempha.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Anthocyanins
Ubwino wa anthocyanins pa thanzi wapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'zakudya ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana. Zotulutsa zokhala ndi anthocyanin zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe wa chakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utoto wopangidwa ukhale wosiyana ndi utoto wopangidwa. Utoto wachilengedwe uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mawonekedwe a zinthu monga madzi, yogurt, ayisikilimu, ndi zinthu zophikira makeke. Kufunika kwa zosakaniza zachilengedwe komanso zoyera kwapangitsa kuti anthocyanins agwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani azakudya.

Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo ngati mankhwala opaka utoto, ma anthocyanins akufufuzidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza. Zotulutsa zomwe zili ndi ma anthocyanins ambiri zikuphunziridwa chifukwa cha ntchito yawo pakupanga zakudya zogwira ntchito komanso zowonjezera zakudya zomwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa thanzi ndi thanzi. Makampani opanga mankhwala akufufuzanso kuthekera kwa ma anthocyanins pakupanga mankhwala atsopano a matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, makampani opanga zodzoladzola awonetsa chidwi ndi anthocyanins chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zotsutsana ndi kutupa komanso antioxidant. Mankhwalawa akuwonjezeredwa muzinthu zosamalira khungu kuti ateteze ku zinthu zomwe zimawononga chilengedwe komanso kulimbikitsa thanzi la khungu. Chiyambi chachilengedwe komanso zotsatira zabwino za anthocyanins zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosakaniza zokongola popanga zinthu zodzoladzola.

Mapeto
Anthocyanins ndi utoto wachilengedwe womwe umapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, womwe umapereka mitundu yowala komanso maubwino ambiri paumoyo. Mphamvu zake zotsutsana ndi ma antioxidants, zotsutsana ndi kutupa, komanso zomwe zingateteze mitsempha zimapangitsa kuti zikhale mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa thanzi labwino komanso moyo wabwino. Pamene kafukufuku akupitiliza kupeza momwe anthocyanins angagwiritsire ntchito, kupezeka kwawo mu zakudya, zakumwa, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zodzikongoletsera kukukula, zomwe zingapangitse ogula kupeza maubwino a mankhwala odabwitsa awa.

Maumboni:
He, J., Giusti, MM (2010). Anthocyanins: Zopaka utoto zachilengedwe zokhala ndi makhalidwe olimbikitsa thanzi. Ndemanga ya pachaka ya Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo wa Chakudya, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015). Anthocyanins. Kupita Patsogolo mu Zakudya, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Nkhani Yokhudza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Anthocyanin Polimbikitsa Thanzi la Anthu: Ndemanga. Ndemanga Zonse mu Sayansi ya Chakudya ndi Chitetezo cha Chakudya, 12(5), 483-508.