Kodi Anthocyanin ndi chiyani?

Chikhalidwe cha Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins ali m'gulu la mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti flavonoids, omwe ndi mtundu wa polyphenol.Ndi mitundu yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imapezeka mu vacuoles ya maselo a zomera.Mtundu wa anthocyanins umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi pH ya chilengedwe, ndi mitundu yofiira yomwe imawoneka mu acidic komanso mitundu ya buluu mumikhalidwe yamchere.Makhalidwe apaderawa amachititsa kuti anthocyanins akhale ofunika ngati zizindikiro za pH zachilengedwe.
Ma Anthocyanins amapangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake kotchedwa anthocyanidin, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi mamolekyu amodzi kapena angapo a shuga.Ma anthocyanidin omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi cyanidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin, ndi malvidin.Ma anthocyanidins awa amatha kupezeka mosiyanasiyana komanso mosiyanasiyana muzomera zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatsogolera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mankhwala.

Magwero a Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins amapezeka kwambiri m'chilengedwe ndipo amapezeka mu zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa.Zina mwazinthu zolemera kwambiri za anthocyanins ndi zipatso monga blueberries, mabulosi akuda, raspberries, ndi sitiroberi.Zipatso zina monga yamatcheri, mphesa, ndi plums zilinso ndi ma anthocyanins ambiri.Kuwonjezera pa zipatso, masamba monga kabichi wofiira, anyezi wofiira, ndi biringanya ndi magwero abwino a mitundu imeneyi.
Mtundu wa maluwa, makamaka mumithunzi yofiira, yofiirira, ndi yabuluu, nthawi zambiri umakhala chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa anthocyanins.Zitsanzo za maluwa olemera mu anthocyanins ndi maluwa, pansies, ndi petunias.Kusiyanasiyana kwamasamba okhala ndi anthocyanins kumapereka mwayi wokwanira wophatikizira mankhwalawa muzakudya za anthu.

Ubwino Wathanzi wa Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins akhala akufufuzidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha ubwino wawo wathanzi.Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu zoteteza antioxidant, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza maselo ku kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma free radicals.Kupsinjika kwa okosijeni kumalumikizidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana osatha, kuphatikiza khansa, matenda amtima, komanso matenda a neurodegenerative.Pochepetsa ma radicals aulere, anthocyanins amathandizira kupewa matendawa.
Kuphatikiza pa zotsatira za antioxidant, anthocyanins awonetsedwa kuti ali ndi anti-inflammatory properties.Kutupa kosatha ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda ambiri, ndipo kuthekera kwa anthocyanins kuchepetsa kutupa kumatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kuti anthocyanins akhoza kuthandizira thanzi la mtima mwa kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka mitsempha ya magazi ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma anthocyanins amalumikizidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito anzeru komanso thanzi laubongo.Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa angathandize kuteteza ku kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi ukalamba komanso matenda a neurodegenerative monga Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson's.Zotsatira za neuroprotective za anthocyanins zimawapangitsa kukhala malo ochititsa chidwi ophunzirira kupewa ndi kuyang'anira matenda amisempha.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Anthocyanins
Ubwino wa anthocyanins paumoyo wapangitsa kuti aphatikizidwe muzakudya ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana.Zotulutsa zokhala ndi anthocyanin zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wachilengedwe wazakudya, zomwe zimapereka m'malo mwa utoto wopangira.Mitundu yachilengedwe imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangitsa chidwi cha zinthu monga timadziti, yogati, ayisikilimu, ndi zinthu za confectionery.Kufunika kwa zosakaniza zachilengedwe ndi zoyera kwachititsa kuti anthocyanins agwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani azakudya.

Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo ngati mitundu yazakudya, ma anthocyanins akufufuzidwanso kuti agwiritse ntchito pochiza.Zotulutsa zomwe zili ndi ma anthocyanins ochulukirapo akuphunziridwa chifukwa cha gawo lawo pakupanga zakudya zogwira ntchito komanso zopatsa thanzi zomwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa thanzi ndi thanzi.Makampani opanga mankhwala akufufuzanso kuthekera kwa anthocyanins pakupanga mankhwala atsopano aumoyo osiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, makampani opanga zodzikongoletsera awonetsa chidwi ndi anthocyanins chifukwa cha antioxidant komanso anti-inflammatory properties.Mankhwalawa akuphatikizidwa muzinthu zosamalira khungu kuti aziteteza ku zovuta zachilengedwe komanso kulimbikitsa thanzi la khungu.Zoyambira zachilengedwe komanso zopindulitsa za anthocyanins zimawapangitsa kukhala zinthu zowoneka bwino zopanga zodzikongoletsera.

Mapeto
Anthocyanins ndi inki yachilengedwe yomwe imapezeka muzomera zosiyanasiyana, yopatsa mitundu yowoneka bwino komanso mapindu ambiri azaumoyo.Ma antioxidant awo, odana ndi kutupa, komanso zotsatira zake za neuroprotective zimawapangitsa kukhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri zolimbikitsira thanzi labwino komanso thanzi.Pamene kafukufuku akupitilira kuwulula momwe ma anthocyanins angagwiritsire ntchito, kupezeka kwawo muzakudya, zakumwa, mankhwala, ndi zodzikongoletsera kukuyenera kukulirakulira, kupatsa ogula mwayi wopeza phindu la mankhwalawa.

Zolozera:
Iye, J., Giusti, MM (2010).Anthocyanins: Mitundu Yachilengedwe Yokhala Ndi Katundu Wolimbikitsa Thanzi.Ndemanga Yapachaka ya Sayansi Yazakudya ndi Zamakono, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015).Anthocyanins.Zotsogola pazakudya, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013).Mlandu Wa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Anthocyanin Kulimbikitsa Thanzi La Anthu: Kubwereza.Ndemanga Zathunthu mu Sayansi Yazakudya ndi Chitetezo Chakudya, 12 (5), 483-508.